MOTS-c

Each lot of MOTS-c is supplied with analytical documentation:

• Purity: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) verified to ≥99%.
• Identity: Confirmed by mass spectrometry (MS) against the expected peptide mass.
• Reference identifiers: CAS 1627580-64-6; sequence MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR; molecular formula C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂ (approx. molecular weight ~2174.6 g/mol). Exact lot-specific values are reported on the COA.
• Certificate of Analysis (COA): Provided per lot, documenting measured purity and identity.

These analytical characterizations describe the identity and purity of the molecule in the vial only. They are not statements of biological activity, safety, or efficacy. For research use only, not for human use.

A Certificate of Analysis is available per production lot, documenting HPLC purity and mass-spectrometry identity confirmation.

View Certificates of Analysis →

For Research Use Only · Not for human or veterinary use · Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

References to clinical phases/studies describe the compound in independent third-party literature (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed) and do not represent claims, testing, or approval by Zynix Biolab.

MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP), a class of short peptides encoded within a small open reading frame of the mitochondrial genome. As reported in the published literature, the molecule is a 16-amino-acid peptide that has been characterized as a signaling factor implicated in cellular metabolic regulation and mitochondrial-to-nuclear communication.

In the third-party scientific record, MOTS-c has been investigated in the context of metabolic homeostasis and energy regulation. Published studies have examined its proposed mechanism through the folate–AICAR–AMPK pathway and have reported AMPK-dependent nuclear translocation under conditions of metabolic stress, including interaction with stress-responsive transcription factors such as NRF2. The compound was first described in Cell Metabolism in 2015 (Lee et al.).

With respect to study phase, MOTS-c has been the subject of registered research recorded on ClinicalTrials.gov — for example, observational and exercise-physiology protocols measuring endogenous circulating MOTS-c (e.g., NCT01140282 and NCT04449419). These third-party registrations characterize the compound as a biomarker/research subject and do not represent an approved therapeutic indication.

For Research Use Only · Not for human or veterinary use · Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

In the published third-party literature, MOTS-c has been studied in in vitro and laboratory model systems exploring research lines such as:

• Cellular metabolic homeostasis and energy-sensing pathways.
• The folate–AICAR–AMPK signaling axis and downstream metabolic gene regulation.
• Mitochondrial-to-nuclear signaling, including AMPK-dependent nuclear translocation and interaction with antioxidant-response transcription factors (e.g., NRF2).
• Mitochondrial bioenergetics in model systems via PGC-1α/AMPK-associated mechanisms.
• Use as a measured biomarker in exercise-physiology and aging research.

These research applications are provided for scientific context only and describe work reported by third parties in laboratory settings. This product is not for human use, diagnostic use, or therapeutic use.

General laboratory bench-handling guidance for the lyophilized peptide:

• Storage: Store lyophilized material at -20°C; protect from light and moisture. For extended storage, lower temperatures may be used per laboratory standard practice.
• Reconstitution: For laboratory preparation, reconstitute with bacteriostatic or sterile water (or another suitable research-grade solvent) by adding solvent slowly down the vial wall and allowing the peptide to dissolve without vigorous agitation.
• Aliquoting: Prepare single-use aliquots to minimize freeze–thaw cycles.
• PPE: Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, lab coat, eye protection) under standard laboratory safety procedures.

This guidance describes laboratory material handling only and is not a dosing or administration instruction. For research use only — not for human use.

For Research Use Only · Not for human or veterinary use · Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

• Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c studied in the context of metabolic regulation in laboratory (in vitro and animal) model systems. Cell Metabolism. 2015;21(3):443–454. PMID: 25738453. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.009
• Kim KH, Son JM, Benayoun BA, Lee C. The Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c Translocates to the Nucleus to Regulate Nuclear Gene Expression in Response to Metabolic Stress. Cell Metabolism. 2018;28(3):516–524.e7. PMID: 29983246.
• Reynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, et al. MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nature Communications. 2021;12(1):470. PMID: 33446724.
• ClinicalTrials.gov registrations referencing MOTS-c as a research subject: NCT01140282; NCT04449419.

These references describe independent third-party research and are provided for scientific context only and are not claims by Zynix Biolab.